Resumen de Marcha en personas con discapacidad visual: Revisión de literatura
- español
Caminar para las personas con discapacidad visual (PDV) presenta diversas variaciones que afectan su funcionalidad y su salud, especialmente, porque afecta al sistema músculo esquelético. Propósito: realizar una revisión de literatura para analizar el patrón de la caminata, así como las implicaciones que esta tiene en individuos de baja visión y ceguera. Método: para la obtención de información de la revisión de literatura sistemática, se buscaron artículos científicos en las bases de datos que a continuación se mencionan: SportDiscus con texto completo, psycINFO, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Source, google académico, Research Gate, PubMed. Resultados: las PDV, muestran una caminata cautelosa, probablemente para protegerse de las barreras arquitectónicas a las que podrían enfrentarse. Conclusiones: las PDV, presentan movimientos más cortos, lentos, lo que indica menores rangos de movimiento, afectando su funcionalidad, y generando un estrés muscular. Es muy importante la valoración de la caminata en las PDV, para que se desarrollen patrones adecuados y no presenten desbalances o acortamientos musculares. Logrando una mejora de su locomoción y con esta una mayor independencia.
- English
The gait in people with visual impairment (PWVI) has several variations that affect functionality and health, especially because it affects the skeletal muscle system. Purpose: perform a literature review in order to analyze the pattern of the walk, as well as the implications it has on individuals with low vision and blindness. Method: a systematic review was carried out in the following databases: SportDiscus with full text, psycINFO, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Source, Google Scholar, Research Gate, PubMed. Results: The way of walking is slower in the PWVI, they are cautious in the march, to protect themselves, although the surrounding is clear. The disadvantage of this variable is that people do not walk according to the optimal level of walking according to their age and height (recommended speed), so there would be no economy of movement, in addition, its functionality is also affected. Conclusions: The investigations showed that the PWVI, had atypical marches where they found in some cases greater ranges of movement in the involved joints, or on the contrary diminished movements, indicating small or forced movements, unnatural and therefore greater stress muscle and bone. It is very important the assessment in real situations on the PWVI, to be able to provide them with tools that can help them in their independent roll and accessibility.
