This chapter reviews the evolution of interpretations of the Spanish Enlightenment, placing them in their historiographical, political, and cultural contexts. It makes a case for understanding the Spanish case within the general framework of studies on the Enlightenment, which have traditionally ignored the realities of cultural, social and intellectual changes in the eighteenth-century Hispanic empire when tracing the broad picture of the European and global Enlightenments. Three fields are identified as having particularly contributed to renovate perspectives and to further historiographical dialogue: women’s and gender studies, studies on connections between “popular” and elite culture, and scholarship on Atlantic and imperial dimensions.
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