L’Energiewende de 2011: reconfigurations horizontales et verticales du système d’acteurs dans la géopolitique de l’énergie en Allemagne

• Autores: Teva Meyer
• Localización: Hérodote: Revue de géographie et de géopolitique, ISSN 0338-487X, Nº. 175, 2019 (Ejemplar dedicado a: L’ALLEMAGNE, 30 ANS APRÈS)
• Idioma: francés
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• Resumen

  • The forestalled closure of Germany’s nuclear power plants decided after the Fukushima Daiichi disaster appears as the most emblematic decision of the energy-reform package decided in 2011 by chancellor Angela Merkel. Criticized as an electoralist move from the conservative parties, this new step in the Energiwende, actually results from a double reconfiguration of the balance of power within the actors’system of energy policies in Germany. Firstly, the deployment of renewable energies since 1990 and the Reunification of the two Germanies have modified the distribution of the supports to differences energy sources to the disadvantage of nuclear power. Secondly, the growing strength of municipalities, sometimes influenced by antinuclear activists, helped deconcentrate the control of the means of electricity production and distribution from few oligopolistic groups, managing nuclear plants, to a multitude of small local actors.