Resumen de Efeitos da programação e suspensão de metacontingências sobre operantes e culturantes

Fábio Henrique Baia, Isabella Guimarães Lemes, Alina Barboza Cabral Biano, Raiene Sara Cardoso Pereira, Lesley Diana de Sousa

• English

  This study investigated the effects of establishment and withdrawal of metacontingencies upon operants and culturants. Twelve undergraduate students were distributed in four triads. Two triads were exposed to a procedure that changes between conditions were signalized by different background colors of the screen. In other two triads there wasn’t signals of change. The experimental task used was the number insertion. In the beginning computer showed four random numbers. The participants would insert four numbers bellow of these numbers showed by computer. If the sum between numbers showed by computer and number inserted by participant were odd 15 points were added at individual score. This was the operant contingency. Beyond that, the computer added the four numbers inserted by each participant. If the sum of player 1 was lower than participant 2, which in turn should be lower than participant 3, so 15 bonus were increased in bonus score of each participant.

  This was the metacontingency. All triads were exposed to a design ABAB. During the condition A only operant contingencies were on. In condition B operant contingencies and metacontingencies were on. In the first condition A and all condition B stability criteria was produce 90% of the available consequences on condition. In the second condition A beyond 90% of reinforcements the culturants selected in condition B should happen at the same level of the first condition A. The result show that operants occurred in more than 90% of trials in all conditions. The culturants occurred in less than 35% of trials in condition A. In condition B the culturants occurred in more than 90% of trials. The return of condition A and the re-expose of condition B replicated the results found in the first exposition of each condition. The absence of signal has not produced differential effects in operants and culturants. That’s because the four triads have emitted operants and engage in culturants above the line of chance only when the metacontingencies were on. And the Triad 3 and Triad 4 showed that selection happened to both units without changes have been signaled. We concluded that selection of operants and culturants were selected by the consequences available. We discuss about possible effects of the use of the stability criteria. Since in this study the withdrawal of metacontingencies produced clear effects in culturants. Without cultural consequences the frequency of culturants dropped below of the line chance.

• português

  Este estudo investigou os efeitos da programação e suspensão de metacontingências sobre operantes e culturantes. Participaram 12 universitários distribuídos em quatro tríades. Duas tríades foram expostas a um procedimento em que a mudança entre condições foi sinalizada por diferentes cores do fundo de tela. Outras duas tríades foram expostas a um procedimento em que não havia sinalização. A tarefa experimental utilizada foi a inserção de números. Todas as tríades foram expostas ao delineamento ABAB. Durante a condição A apenas contingências operantes estavam em vigor. Na condição B, contingências operantes e metacontingências estiveram em vigor.

  Os resultados demonstram que operantes ocorreram em mais de 90% das tentativas em todas as condições. Já os culturantes ocorreram em menos de 35% das tentativas durante a condição A.

  Na condição B os culturantes ocorreram em mais de 90% das tentativas. O retorno à condição A e a reexposição à condição B replicaram os resultados encontrados na primeira exposição de cada condição. A ausência de sinalização não produziu efeitos diferenciais em operantes e culturantes.

  Conclui-se que houve seleção de operantes e culturantes. São discutidos possíveis efeitos do critério de estabilidade utilizado.