Resumen de Efeito do treino com um software sobre o comportamento de identificar comportamentos verbais do psicoterapeuta

Diogo Antônio Chagas Bloes, Fernanda Borges Bessa

• English

  The therapeutic work aims to produce changes in the client’s behavioral repertoire that results in well-being. In this sense, the patient benefits from the work of a skilled psychotherapist who is able to use specific procedures and has important social skills. Many authors have focused on the psychotherapist’s behavior as a critical variable for patient’s improvement. The kind of abilities that are fundamental to the psychotherapist and how to teach them are issues of special interest to clinical supervisors. Zamignani (2007) developed a categorization system and a systematic training for observers (software) to teach how to categorize the psychotherapist’s and the patient’s behavior. This systematic training for observers can be an important tool for teaching the concept of some skills that are considered important to a psychotherapist. However, it hasn’t been verified yet, whether this practice favors discriminated performances in students with no clinical experience. The objective of this study was to determine whether the systematic training for observers could be a useful tool to train students, with no clinical experience, to identify categories of psychotherapist’s behaviors. Eleven students were submitted to the training (software). At baseline, students categorized the psychotherapist’s behavior in a transcripted section and, later, they did the systematic training with the software. In the testing phase, the students categorized the psychotherapist’s behavior in two transcripted sections, a section to each one of them. Three judges were trained to identify the therapist’s behavior categories Zamignani (2007), to reach an agreement index equal or superior to 80%, then categorized the sessions used in the baseline and test condition, those categorizations were taken as a reference to evaluate the performance of students.

  The training with the software was efficient only for the “Facilitation” and “Empathy” behavior’s categories. Among the 11 pupils, 10 and 9 improved their performance to identify these respective categories. For the categories of “Information”, “Interpretation”, “Report Request”, “Request for reflection”, “Recommendation”, “Approval” and “Disapproval” training with the software was not efficient. The development of a training tool to identify psychotherapist‘s verbal behavior categories provides a way to search, produce knowledge and thus shape the future psychotherapists behavior. Both the process of training as the expertise in the clinical area can benefit from the development of this type of tool. Further research is needed to test, under several conditions, the systematic training tool for observers developed by Zamignani (2007).

• português

  Muitos autores têm focado o comportamento do psicoterapeuta como variável crítica para obter a melhora do cliente. Quais habilidades são fundamentais ao psicoterapeuta e como ensiná-las são de especial interesse para supervisores clínicos. Zamignani (2007) desenvolveu um sistema de categorização e um treino sistemático para observadores (software), a fim de ensinar a categorizar comportamentos do psicoterapeuta e do cliente. Entretanto, ainda não foi verificado se esse treino favorece desempenhos discriminados em alunos sem experiência clínica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar se o treino sistemático para observadores pode ser uma ferramenta útil para treinar alunos sem experiência clínica a identificar categorias de comportamentos do psicoterapeuta.

  Onze alunos foram submetidos ao treino. Na linha de base, os alunos categorizaram os comportamentos do terapeuta em uma sessão transcrita e, posteriormente, fizeram o treino sistemático com o software. Na fase de teste os alunos categorizaram os comportamentos do terapeuta em duas sessões transcritas. O treino foi eficiente somente para as categorias de comportamento de “Facilitação” e “Empatia”, sendo que, dos 11 alunos, dez e nove, respectivamente, melhoram o desempenho de identificar as categorias. Para as categorias “Informação”, “Interpretação”, “Solicitação de Relato”, “Solicitação de Reflexão”, “Recomendação”, “Aprovação” e “Reprovação” o treino com o software não foi eficiente. Isso sugere que pesquisas são necessárias para testar, sob diversas condições, o treino sistemático para observadores.