The efficacy of photodynamic therapy in rat tongue dysplasia

Faezeh Khozeimeh; Samaneh Ziaei; Saeedeh Khalesi; Maryam Allameh; Gholamreza Jahanshahi

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The efficacy of photodynamic therapy in rat tongue dysplasia

Faezeh Khozeimeh ^[1] ; Samaneh Ziaei ^[3] ; Saeedeh Khalesi ^[1] ; Maryam Allameh ^[2] ; Gholamreza Jahanshahi ^[1]
1. [1] Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
  
  Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
  
  Irán
2. [2] Shahed University
  
  Shahed University
  
  Irán
3. [3] DDS, MS; Assistant Professor, Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahrekord branch, Shahrekord, Iran
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Localización: Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry, ISSN-e 1989-5488, Vol. 11, Nº. 7 (July), 2019, págs. 587-592
Idioma: inglés
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Resumen
- Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) has previously shown promising results in cancerous cell destruction. The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of this treatment option on oral epithelial dysplasia in Wistar rats. Furthermore, microscopic effects of systemic versus topical administration of ALA before laser illumination was assessed.
  
  Thirty male Wistar rats (200- 250 grams) were used in the present study. Tongue dysplasia was induced by a daily delivery of a 20 ppm solution of 4-nitroquinoline -1- oxide (4NQO) for 3 months. Then, rats were divided into 3 groups of 10 including, group 1 that was received systemic ALA-based PDT (30 mg/kg ALA), group 2 that was received topical ALA-based PDT (20% ALA solution) and group 3 (control) which was left untreated. Tongue specimens were fixed for histopathological evaluation and dysplasia was graded at microscopic level. Data was compared between various treatment groups using Mann Whitney test (p<0.05).
  
  The rate of atypical dysplastic cells was decreased significantly in both topical (p= 0.006) and systemic (p= 0.001) treatment groups compared to control group. Furthermore, systemic use of ALA resulted in a remarkable destruction of dysplastic cells compared to its topical application (p=0.045). Nevertheless, some evidence of muscle destruction was documented in systemic ALA group.
  
  It seems that ALA mediated PDT is an effective treatment option for the destruction of dysplastic cells. However, the extent of this effect depends on the mode of ALA administration before light illumination.