Hofstadter and Sander talk about the human mind. In 1854, English mathematician George Boole published An Investigation of the Laws of Thought--an influential book whose topic was not psychology, as one might expect, but logic. In Boole's day, the processes underlying human thinking were assumed to belong to the domain of logic, because everyone knew that what distinguished humans from animals is that people can reason out while animals do not. In the 20th century, psychologists studied children's thinking but paid scant attention to adult thinking, since logic was clearly its key.
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