Resumen de Spanish validation of the Delaying Gratifi cation Inventory in adolescents

José Pedro Espada Sánchez, Miriam Rodríguez Menchón, Alexandra Morales Sabuco, Michael Hoerger, Mireia Orgilés Amorós

• español

  Antecedentes: la demora de la recompensa es una habilidad con un papel relevante en conductas de riesgo frecuentes en la adolescencia, como el uso de sustancias o el sexo sin protección. Sin embargo, pocos estudios están dirigidos a evaluar este constructo en adolescentes. El objetivo fue validar el Delaying Gratification Inventory y analizar sus propiedades psicométricas en adolescentes españoles. Método: con una muestra de 695 adolescentes de 13 a 18 años (M = 15,18, DT = 1,22) se analizó la estructura factorial, la fiabilidad y la validez del instrumento. Resultados: los análisis mostraron un ajuste adecuado al modelo original (χ2 (550) = 1671,59, CFI = ,92, TLI = ,92, RMSEA = ,06, IC del 95%: [,063, ,071]) y una consistencia interna adecuada (α = ,80). La capacidad de retrasar la gratificación se asoció directa y moderadamente con autocontrol y autoconciencia, e inversa y moderadamente con depresión y dificultades psicológicas. Conclusión: este estudio aporta nuevos datos sobre una herramienta válida y fiable para evaluar la capacidad de retrasar la recompensa en adolescentes españoles, una habilidad regulatoria clave para prevenir conductas de riesgo asociadas a problemas graves de salud, psicológicos y sociales.

• English

  Background: Individual differences in the capacity to delay gratification explain considerable variability in adult life outcomes related to health, psychological well-being, and social relationships. Although individual differences in delay of gratification begin to emerge in adolescence, few studies have tried to evaluate this construct in adolescents, especially in Spanish. The goal of this study was to validate the Delaying Gratification Inventory and to analyse its psychometric properties in Spanish adolescents. Method: Using a sample of 695 adolescents (M = 15.18, SD = 1.22) between 13 and 18 years old, the factor structure, internal consistency and reliability were tested. Results: The analyses showed an adequate fit to the original model (χ2 (550) = 1671.59, CFI = .92, TLI = .92, RMSEA = .063, 95% CI [.063, .071]), and appropriate internal consistency (α = .80). The ability to delay gratification was directly and moderately associated with self-control and self-consciousness, and inversely and moderately related with depression and psychological difficulties. Conclusion: This study provides new data on a tool for assessing the ability to delay reward in Spanish adolescents, a key regulatory ability to prevent unhealthy high-risk behaviours that are associated with serious health, psychological, and social problems.