Mortalidad pediátrica por lesiones no intencionales en La Habana. 2003-2012
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Acosta, Jose Ramón [2] ; Consuegra Otero, Araiz [2] ; Acosta Batista, Bárbara [1] ; Rodríguez Batista, Juan [2] ; Acosta Batista, José [2]
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[1] Hospital Pediátrico Moctezuma
Hospital Pediátrico Moctezuma
México
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[2] Hospital Pediátrico del Cerro, La Habana, Cuba.
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- Localización: Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas, ISSN-e 1729-519X, Vol. 15, Nº. 2, 2016, págs. 235-246
- Idioma: español
- Títulos paralelos:
- Pediatric mortality for non intentional injury in Havana. 2003-2012
- Enlaces
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Resumen
- español
Introducción: los accidentes o lesiones no intencionales representan un problema de salud mundial. La población pediátrica es aún más vulnerable. Objetivo: describir las causas de mortalidad ocurridas por lesiones no intencionales en menores de 15 años en La Habana entre 2003 y 2012. Material y Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de 216 defunciones por accidentes ocurridas durante 2003 a 2012 en edades de 0-14 años, según datos ofrecidos por el Departamento de Estadísticas de la Dirección Provincial de Salud. Las variables estudiadas fueron: año, edad, sexo, municipio de residencia y tipos de accidentes, según la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades. Se estimaron porcentajes, se elaboraron tablas y figuras mediante el programa XLSTAT y se calculó la tasa x 100, 000 habitantes. Resultados: la mortalidad mostró tasas decrecientes de 0,92 y 0,76 en 2003 a 0,68 y 0,25 en 2012 según el sexo masculino y femenino, respectivamente. Las causas que mostraron mayor frecuencia resultaron ser: tránsito 41,2%, ahogamientos 24%, asfixia 6,4% e intoxicación 5,5%. Los adolescentes, escolares y pre-escolares como peatones fallecieron en mayor proporción por accidentalidad vial. Los ahogamientos ocurrieron en su mayoría en escolares (40,3%) y pre-escolares (30,7%) en piscinas y mar, ambos con 19,2%,y lugares sin seguridad acuática (26,9%). La intoxicación mostró igual proporción en adolescentes y pre-escolares (46,1%); la asfixia en lactantes alcanzó 84,6%. Los accidentes de tránsito y ahogamientos exhibieron mayores defunciones en el municipio Boyeros. Conclusiones: la mortalidad por accidentes aun representa un problema cardinal de salud en pediatría.Palabras clave: accidentes, mortalidad, prevención, ahogamiento, epidemiología, atención primaria de salud.ABSTRACTIntroduction: unintentional accidents and injuries mean a world health problem, and turn out to be the first pediatric cause of death. Objective: to describe the epidemiologic behavior of pediatric mortality due to unintentional accidents and injuries in Havana. Material and Methods: a descriptive and retrospective study about 216 deaths by this cause that did occurs between 2003-2012, in ages from 0-14 years old, according to data offered by the statistic department of the provincial health headquarters, and the variables studied were: year, age, sex, municipality, drowning sites, and kinds according to the international classification of diseases X edition. The percentage method was used; tables and graphs were made by means of the program XLSTAT, the rates were calculated x 100 000 inhabitants. Results: decreasing death rates in the decade from 0, 92 and 0, 76 (2003) to 0, 68 y 0, 25 (2012) in males and females respectively. The most frequent causes were: traffic (41,2%), drowning (24%), suffocation (6,4%), and intoxication (5,5%). The adolescents and schoolmate pedestrian died in more proportion for traffic accidents. The drowning, happening mostly in school (40,3%) and pre-school (30,7%) in pools and sea both with 19,2% and places without security aquatic 26,9%. The intoxication showed up same proportion in adolescent and pre-school with 46,1% and the asphyxia in nurslings with 84,6%. The traffic accidents and drowning showed bigger deaths in the municipality Boyeros. Conclusions: Mortality due to accidents still turns out to be a cardinal health problem in pediatric ages Key words: accidents, child mortality, prevention, Immersion accident; epidemiology, primary care.
- English
Introduction: unintentional accidents and injuries mean a world health problem, and turn out to be the first pediatric cause of death. Objective: to describe the epidemiologic behavior of pediatric mortality due to unintentional accidents and injuries in Havana. Material and Methods: a descriptive and retrospective study about 216 deaths by this cause that did occurs between 2003-2012, in ages from 0-14 years old, according to data offered by the statistic department of the provincial health headquarters, and the variables studied were: year, age, sex, municipality, drowning sites, and kinds according to the international classification of diseases X edition. The percentage method was used; tables and graphs were made by means of the program XLSTAT, the rates were calculated x 100 000 inhabitants. Results: decreasing death rates in the decade from 0, 92 and 0, 76 (2003) to 0, 68 y 0, 25 (2012) in males and females respectively. The most frequent causes were: traffic (41,2%), drowning (24%), suffocation (6,4%), and intoxication (5,5%). The adolescents and schoolmate pedestrian died in more proportion for traffic accidents. The drowning, happening mostly in school (40,3%) and pre-school (30,7%) in pools and sea both with 19,2% and places without security aquatic 26,9%. The intoxication showed up same proportion in adolescent and pre-school with 46,1% and the asphyxia in nurslings with 84,6%. The traffic accidents and drowning showed bigger deaths in the municipality Boyeros. Conclusions: Mortality due to accidents still turns out to be a cardinal health problem in pediatric ages Key words: accidents, child mortality, prevention, Immersion accident; epidemiology, primary care.
- español
