Análise comparativa da reeducação e reintegração social nos sistemas de justiça brasileiros para adolescentes e adultos em privação de liberdade

• Cindy Vaccari ^[1] ; Gonçalves, G. P. B. ^[2] ; Alexandre Dittrich ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidade Federal do Paraná

     Universidade Federal do Paraná

     Brasil

     
  2. [2] Universidade Estadual de Londrina

     Universidade Estadual de Londrina

     Brasil

     
• Localización: Acta comportamentalia: revista latina de análisis del comportamiento, ISSN 0188-8145, Vol. 26, Nº. 1, 2018, págs. 111-125
• Idioma: portugués
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Comparative analysis of reeducation and social reintegration in Brazilian justice systems for adolescents and adults in deprivation of liberty
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • português

    No Brasil, adolescentes e adultos que infringem as leis recebem tratamentos distintos do sistema de justiça. Enquanto os adolescentes cumprem as previsões do sistema socioeducativo, por meio de medidas voltadas à reintegração social, os adultos cumprem as determinações do sistema penal, mais voltadas à punição do comportamento inadequado. Considerando a importância de intervenções que se relacionem à modificação do comportamento transgressor (com o objetivo de ensinar novos repertórios comportamentais em conformidade com a lei, prevenindo a reincidência), o presente trabalho tem como objetivos analisar e comparar os sistemas socioeducativo e penal em relação às questões de reeducação e reintegração social de adolescentes e adultos em medidas de privação de liberdade.

    Foram analisados os artigos dos textos legais que faziam referência à educação e trabalho durante as medidas e penas, e também os que se relacionavam à reintegração social durante e após a privação de liberdade. Concluiu-se que, embora o sistema socioeducativo descreva mais ações relacionadas à reintegração social, em comparação com o sistema penal, os dois sistemas possuem problemas no que se refere à realização de ações efetivas para a modificação do repertório comportamental de adolescentes e adultos durante a privação de liberdade.

  • English

    In Brazil, adolescents and adults who break the law receive different treatments from the justice system.

    Adolescents who perform infractions (similar to crimes described in the Criminal Code), have as consequences the socio-educational measures, in different modalities. Such measures prioritize services and policies that promote social reintegration, even in the case of deprivation of liberty. The adults, after committing crimes, are judged from the presuppositions of the criminal system, more focused on the punishment of socially inadequate behavior. Considering the importance of interventions related to the modification of transgressor behavior (aiming to teach new behavioral repertoires in accordance with the law, preventing recidivism), the objectives of this work are to analyze and compare the socio-educational and criminal systems regarding re-education and social reintegration of adolescents and adults in measures of deprivation of liberty. The articles of the legal texts referring to education and work during the measures and penalties, as well as those related to social reinsertion during and after deprivation of liberty, were analyzed. It was chosen to analyze only the measures and penalties of deprivation of liberty because they are the most serious, removing the individual from his social environment and placing him in an environment with distinct rules, coming from the legal system. Regarding education and work, the two systems prescribed many similar actions. Schooling is compulsory during socio-educational measures, and adolescents may also have access to vocational courses. In the penal system, the study is mandatory in the basic grades, and individuals can continue studying in exchange for decreasing the time of the sentence. An adult serving a custodial sentence may also work for a fee, which must be used for some specific purposes. Concerning social reintegration, there is a big difference between the two systems. The first one refers to social reinsertion during the measures and penalties. Socio-educational measures favor the social reintegration of adolescents, who must use resources from the community whenever possible. The penal system has restrictions on the participation of adults in their community, especially in the so-called closed regime, where the individual can only leave the institution in some specific situations. In relation to social reintegration after compliance with measures and penalties, there are also differences between the two systems.

    There is provision for assistance to individuals who have left the penal system, especially related to material support. In the socio-educational system, although there is a prediction of support for the adolescent, the way in which this support should be done is not described. It was concluded that, although the socio-educational system describes more actions related to social reintegration, both systems have problems regarding effective actions to modify the behavioral repertoire of adolescents and adults during deprivation of liberty.