Nutritional Intake in Elite Cross-Country Skiers During Two Days of Training and Competition
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Amelia J. Carr [2] ; Kerry McGawley [2] ; Andrew Govus [2] ; Erik Andersson ; Oliver Michael Shannon [3] ; Stig Mattsson [1] ; Anna K. Melin
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[1] Örebro University
Örebro University
Suecia
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[2] Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
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[3] Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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- Localización: International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism, ISSN 1526-484X, ISSN-e 1543-2742, Vol. 29, Nº. 3, 2019, págs. 273-281
- Idioma: inglés
- Texto completo no disponible (Saber más ...)
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Resumen
This study investigated the energy, macronutrient, and fluid intakes, as well as hydration status (urine specific gravity), in elite cross-country skiers during a typical day of training (Day 1) and a sprint skiing competition the following day (Day 2). A total of 31 (18 males and 13 females) national team skiers recorded their food and fluid intakes and urine specific gravity was measured on Days 1 and 2. In addition, the females completed the Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire to assess their risk of long-term energy deficiency. Energy intake for males was 65 ± 9 kcal/kg on Day 1 versus 58 ± 9 kcal/kg on Day 2 (p = .002) and for females was 57 ± 10 on Day 1 versus 55 ± 5 kcal/kg on Day 2 (p = .445). Carbohydrate intake recommendations of 10–12 g·kg−1·day−1 were not met by 89% of males and 92% of females. All males and females had a protein intake above the recommended 1.2–2.0 g/kg on both days and a postexercise protein intake above the recommended 0.3 g/kg. Of the females, 31% were classified as being at risk of long-term energy deficiency. In the morning of Day 1, 50% of males and 46% of females were dehydrated; on Day 2, this was the case for 56% of males and 38% of females. In conclusion, these data suggest that elite cross-country skiers ingested more protein and less carbohydrate than recommended and one third of the females were considered at risk of long-term energy deficiency. Furthermore, many of the athletes were dehydrated prior to training and competition.
