Cuentas de madera magdalenienses de la cueva de Santa Catalina: (Lekeitio, Bizkaia, España)
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[1] Instituto de Historia
Instituto de Historia
Madrid, España
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[2] AOZTA
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- Localización: Munibe Antropologia - Arkeologia, ISSN 1132-2217, Nº 69, 2018, págs. 63-73
- Idioma: español
- Títulos paralelos:
- Magdalenian wooden beads from the cave of Santa Catalina: (Lekeitio, Bizkaia, Spain)
- Enlaces
- Dialnet Métricas: 1 Cita
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Resumen
- español
En las excavaciones realizadas en el yacimiento de Santa Catalina se han recuperado dos cuentas de madera de pequeño tamaño, forma circular y perforación central. Fueron encontradas en el nivel III atribuido al Magdaleniense superior.
Las piezas muestran signos de haber estado expuestas a una fuente de calor intenso por lo que presentan una importante termoalteración que ha facilitado su conservación.
Las cuentas han sido analizadas macro y microscópicamente lo que ha permitido reconocer la materia prima, aunque no concretar el tipo de madera seleccionada, y la forma en que se realizó la extracción.
Mediante un programa experimental hemos logrado reproducir el modo de fabricación y la manera en que pudieron haber sido ser utilizadas.
- euskara
Santa Catalina aztarnategian egindako indusketan, lepokoaren egurrezko ale bi aurkitu ziren Goi Madeleine aldiari dagokion III. mailan.
Erreta egon direlako iraun izan dute gaur egun arte.
Aleok aztertu eta behatu egin dira mikroskopiarekin ere. Ezin jakin izan da zein egur motadunak diren, baina bai nola ebaki zen egurra.
Esperimentazioaren bitartez errepikatu egin da fabrikatzeko modua izan zitekeena eta nola erabili izan ziren.
- English
The site of Santa Catalina is located in the coastal area of the Bay of Biscay, in Northern Spain, 35 m above present sea level.
Archaeological diggings performed in the site have shown a late glacial stratigraphical sequence that extends from the final Magdalenian to the Azilian period.
In level III, final Magdalenian (15.000 – 12.000 cal BP), we have been able to confirm a densely populated settlement, devoted to the exploitation of both sea and land resources. Within the collection of portable art recovered, there are two wooden beads, which are the subject of the present study.
These wooden beads are round pieces, of about 5 mm in diameter and with a central hole drilling. Both pieces are burnt, a fact which has contributed to their preservation.
The beads have been macro and microscopically analyzed, what has enabled us to determine its raw material, though the specific taxon has not been established. What we confirm is that both come from a tangential split of the wood.
Through an experimental survey, we were able to determine how these beads were manufactured and how they were used.
We have also resorted to other experimental studies which deal with the manufacturing of similar pieces from different materials.
From very small wooden bead blanks, of a size slightly larger than the beads and through the use of very fine micro drills, most likely hefted, the perforation must have resulted.
The final polish could have been produced by rubbing with some sandstone of fine grain.
The small grooves observed in the holes suggest that these objects were hung, being part of a necklace or a pendant.
- español
