Unemployment, self-esteem, and depression: Differences between men and women

José Luis Álvaro ^[1] ; Alicia Garrido ^[1] ; Cícero Roberto Pereira ^[2] ; Ana Raquel Torres ^[2] ; Sabrina Cavalcanti Barros ^[3]
1. [1] Universidad Complutense de Madrid
  
  Universidad Complutense de Madrid
  
  Madrid, España
2. [2] Universidade Federal da Paraíba
  
  Universidade Federal da Paraíba
  
  Brasil
3. [3] Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
  
  Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
  
  Brasil
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Localización: The Spanish Journal of Psychology, ISSN 1138-7416, Nº 22, 2019, págs. 1-9
Idioma: inglés
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Resumen
- Although there is a vast bibliography on the negative consequences of unemployment for mental health, there are no studies that analyze the differences between men and women in relation to the consequences that unemployment could have simultaneously on self-esteem and depression. The main objective of this study was to analyze whether, unemployment is differentially associated with the self-esteem of men and women, and to test whether this circumstance can be considered a psychological mechanism by which we could explain differences in depression for men and women. Results show that self-esteem is a mediating variable (indirect effect = .11; 90% CI [.04, .19]), considering its differential impact on depression, but this mediation is moderated by the gender of the respondents (b = .21, 90% IC [.01, .40]. In summary, unemployment is associated with lower self-esteem, which in turn is related to greater depressive symptoms. This relationship is only observed for men and not for women.