Zu kaukasischen und vorderasiatischen Einflüssen bei der Neolithisierung im unteren Donbecken

• Autores: Alexander F. Gorelik, Andrej Cybrij, Viktor Cybrij
• Localización: Eurasia antiqua: Zeitschrift für Archäologie Eurasiens, ISSN 0949-0434, Nº. 20, 2014 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Alexandru Vulpe), págs. 143-170
• Idioma: alemán
• Títulos paralelos:
  • On influences from the Caucasus and the Middel East during the Neolithisation in the lower Don bassin
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• Resumen

  • The role of the Balkans in the Neolithisation of Europe as a bridge to the territories of the Fertile Crescent is widely known. Much less clear is what place in the history of the Neolithisation the Caucasian way had from the Middle East to Europe, along the Black Sea coast. The investigationsof the some early Neolithic sites in the basin of the Lower Don, first of all the settlements near Matveev Kurgan and Razdorskaya 2 in the Rostov region (Russia), have showed that since the end of the 8th Millennium cal. B.C. the population living there was oriented economically on seasonal exploitation of the rich resources of the river, perhaps fish (sturgeon, zander), running to spawn from the Azov sea, as well as hunting. Since the second half of the 7th Millenniumcal. B.C. the hunting and gathering subsistence was supported by the use of some somestic animals: cattle, sheep and goats, as well as pigs. The authors pay attention to many parallels to the Middle East Neolithic, concerning the use of clay (first as a raw materials for living constructions, as wellas for the production of different tokens and figurines and only since the second half of the 7th MIllenniumcal. B.C. for the manufacturing of pottery), then the use of ground stones as a raw material, the manufacturing of grooved stones, stone vessels, medallions, pendants with double drill openings, etc. These facts could implythe reiterated contacts, probably also by sea in the PPNB, between the population of the Middle East, especilly in the region of the Zagros mountains and the Lower Don, as an important factor in the Neolithisation of the latter region