Prevalence of Undiagnosed Acute and Chronic HIV in a Lower-Prevalence Urban Emergency Department.

• Autores: Phillip C. Moschella, Kimberly W. Hart, Andrew H. Ruffner, Christopher J. Lindsell, D. Beth Wayne, Matthew I. Sperling, Alexander T. Trott, Carl J. Fichtenbaum, Michael S. Lyons
• Localización: American journal of public health, ISSN 0090-0036, Vol. 104, Nº. 9, 2014, págs. 1695-1699
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Objectives. We estimated the seroprevalence of both acute and chronic HIV infection by using a random sample of emergency department (ED) patients from a region of the United States with low-to-moderate HIV prevalence. Methods. This cross-sectional seroprevalence study consecutively enrolled patients aged 18 to 64 years within randomly selected sampling blocks in a Midwestern urban ED in a region of lower HIV prevalence in 2008 to 2009. Participants were compensated for providing a blood sample and health information. After de¬identification, we assayed samples for HIV antibody and nucleic acid. Results. There were 926 participants who consented and enrolled. Overall, prevalence of undiagnosed HIV was 0.76% (95% confidence interval [Cl] =0.30%, 1.56%). Three participants (0.32%; 95% Cl = 0.09%, 0.86%) were nucleic acid-positive but antibody-negative and 4 (0.43%; 95% Cl = 0.15%, 1.02%) were antibody-positive. Conclusions. Even when the absolute prevalence is low, a considerable proportion of undetected HIV cases in an ED population are acute. Identification of acute HIV in ED settings should receive increased priority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]