Resumen de Zur Chronologie der archaischen Siedlungen in der Chora von Olbia Pontica
Sergej B. Bujskich, A. Bujskich
The goal of the article is to revise the chronological position of the pottery material - mainly the East-Greek ceramic complex obtained during the excavations of the settlements in the archaic Chora Olbia. the adjustment of the chronological data referring to the foundation of several settlements in the region resulted in defining their precise chronological position. Thereupon the first quarter of the VIth c. BC should be regarded as the reference point for the foundation of all key sites (Viktorovka - I, Kaborga - I, Bol'shaja Chernomorka - II and Beykush) located in the western area of the archaic chora i.e. on the Berezanski liman coast. the painted pottery complex from the Yagorlitskoe sttlement (the left coast of the Dnieper liman) is also dated to the first quarter of the VIth century BC, ehereas no archaeological materials related to the end or the last quarter of the VIIth c. BC is currently known from the sime site.
Early finds from the settlements located on the territory to the east of the Berezanski liman or from the Ochakovo cape up to Olbia are also dated to the first quarter of the VIth century BC. According to the available data, the settlements located to the north of Olbia, on both coasts of the Bug liman emerge immediately after the mid - early third quarter of the VI th century BC.
The results obtained in course of the pottery analysis from the early Greek settlements in the Lower BUg region give reason to reexamine all existing models of the Greek colonization of this part of the Black Sea region in general. Since the foundation of Olbia is currently dated back to the end of the 1st-the beginning of the 2nd quarter of VIth century BC, we can suggest the same dating for the colonization of the fertile Lower Bug area. This assumption is supported by the emergence of Greek colonialsanctuaries ?extra-urban' reughly dated to the same period, which served as terrain point markers for the future 'chora' and 'polis'. Furthermore we suggesttheat the above mentioned activities were contemporaneous, following a deliberate, well thought-out plan of colonization.
The re-dating of the emergence of the common sttlements in the Lower Bug region contradicted the current view on the existence of the native 'chora' in Borysthenes. We suggest that due to its emporail character no 'chora' could have existed there. In contrast Olbia was initially emerged as a city and a center of the future 'polis' with the internal area reserved for farming. After the two-phase foundation of Olbia - 1st quarter - mid VIth century BC (Rybakovka - Sirokaja Balka, Fig. 1 Nº 1-40) and the mid - 3rd quarter of the VIth cnetury BC (Certovatoe - Varvarovka - Stanislav, Fig 1 Nº 41-84-106), the 'chora' of Olbia located in the Lower Bug region was inhabited and cultivated. Thereupon Olbia acquired all elements necessary for a colonial 'polis'
