The article discusses research on the planet Mars, looking at information gathered by the 2008 U.S. National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA) mission Phoenix and the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and the Mars Science Laboratory, a NASA mission which will study the Gale Crater. The author discusses the Phoenix mission, looking at the design of the spacecraft, its landing on Mars, and its discovery of calcium carbonate, which if formed when carbon dioxide dissolves in water, and perchlorate. Research on microbial life on Mars, soil composition, and organic compounds which will be carried out by the Mars Science Laboratory are discussed.
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