The article discusses the development of a graph, called the Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) diagram, which is used to plot the luminosity and temperature of stars. According to the author, the diagram classifies stars by their stage of life by creating unique patterns and has helped astronomers deduce that most stars shine as a result of nuclear fusion reactions, including the Sun. Topics include how the H-R diagram guides 21st century stellar astronomers in answering key questions about stars, such as how massive a star can be, and how the H-R diagram works.
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