The relationship between adiposopathy and glucose-insulin homeostasis is not affected by moderate-intensity aerobic training in healthy women with obesity

• Andrée-Anne Clément ^[1] ; Eléonor Riesco ^[2] ; Sébastien Tessier ^[3] ; Michel Lacaille ^[1] ; Francine Pérusse ^[1] ; Mélanie Coté ^[4] ; Jean-Pierre Després ^[1] ; John Weisnagel ^[5] ; Jean Doré ^[1] ; Denis R. Joanisse ^[1] ; Pascale Mauriège ^[1]
  1. [1] Laval University

     Laval University

     Canadá

     
  2. [2] University of Sherbrooke, Canadá
  3. [3] Institut National de Santé Publique, Canadá
  4. [4] Québec Heart and Lung University Research Centre, Canadá
  5. [5] Centre Hospitalier de l’Université Laval, Canadá

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• Localización: Journal of physiology and biochemistry, ISSN-e 1877-8755, ISSN 1138-7548, Vol. 74, Nº. 4 (November 2018), 2018 (Ejemplar dedicado a: CTPIOD meeting (Contribution To Progress in Obesity and Diabetes Research) 2017 / Fermín Ignacio Milagro Yoldi (ed. lit.), Christian Carpéné (ed. lit.)), págs. 591-601
• Idioma: inglés
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  • The contribution of adiposopathy to glucose-insulin homeostasis remains unclear. This longitudinal study examined the potential relationship between the adiponectin/leptin ratio (A/L, a marker of adiposopathy) and insulin resistance (IR: homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)), insulin sensitivity (IS: Matsuda), and insulin response to an oral glucose tolerance test before and after a 16-week walking program, in 29 physically inactive pre- and postmenopausal women with obesity (BMI, 29–35 kg/m2; age, 47–54 years). Anthropometry, body composition, VO2max, and fasting lipid-lipoprotein and inflammatory profiles were assessed. A/L was unchanged after training (p = 0.15), despite decreased leptin levels (p < 0.05). While the Matsuda index tended to increase (p = 0.07), HOMA decreased (p < 0.05) and fasting insulin was reduced (p < 0.01) but insulin area under the curve (AUC) remained unchanged (p = 0.18) after training. Body fatness and VO2max were improved (p < 0.05) while triacylglycerols increased and HDL-CHOL levels decreased after training (p < 0.05). At baseline, A/L was positively associated with VO2max, HDL-CHOL levels, and Matsuda (0.37 < ρ < 0.56; p < 0.05) but negatively with body fatness, HOMA, insulin AUC, IL-6, and hs-CRP levels (− 0.41 < ρ < − 0.66; p < 0.05). After training, associations with fitness, HOMA, and inflammation were lost. Multiple regression analysis revealed A/L as an independent predictor of IR and IS, before training (partial R2 = 0.10 and 0.22), although A/L did not predict the insulin AUC pre- or post-intervention. A significant correlation was found between training-induced changes to A/L and IS (r = 0.38; p < 0.05) but not with IR or insulin AUC. Although changes in the A/L ratio could not explain improvements to glucose-insulin homeostasis indices following training, a relationship with insulin sensitivity was revealed in healthy women with obesity.