Resumen de Anthropometric references for reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament in the anatomical position
Gustavo A. Compeán Martínez, José Félix Vílchez Cavazos, Carlos A. Acosta Olivo, Oscar F. Mendoza Lemus, Oscar de la Garza Castro, Rosa I. Guzmán, Rodrigo Enrique Elizondo Omaña, Santos Guzmán López
Recent anatomical and biomechanical studieshave established that the anatomical position inthe reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) is ideal because this position resultsin a lower placement of the femoral tunnels,which provides optimal biomechanical function ofthe graft, and because anterior translation androtational stability are controlled. Ten femurs (fiveleft and five right) and ten tibias (five left and fiveright) were dissected to analyze the various bonyprominences of the lateral wall of the intercondylarfossa. Parameters were also established forthe measurement of the ACL and its anteromedialand posterolateral bundles. Regarding theresults in the medial wall of the lateral femoralcondyle, different bony landmarks were considered,such as the distances from the bonecartilagetransition of anterior and posterior pointof femoral condyle to the bifurcated ridge obtaining7.68 + 2.15 mm and 7.99 + 2.15 mm, respectively. On the tibial bone we considered thelength between the free edges of lateral and medialmenisci, to the medial and lateral edges ofanterior cruciate ligament (ACL), finding a distanceof 2.5 cm + 1.20mm. All these referencesduring knee arthroscopy are useful to the sur-geon, providing tools for the proper placement ofthe tunnels used in the reconstruction surgery ofthe ACL.
