Laser is one of the important inventions of the 20th century. The creation of laser leads to the development of novel technological processes, new branches of industry and origin of the principal new mode of communications, which are very important for knowledge society. It is representative that in the 20th century five Nobel prizes for physics were given for laser investigation. It is well-known that classical engineering sciences are closely connected with natural sciences (especially with physics). At the same time engineering sciences have their own methodology and their own specific mode of knowledge organization –technological or engineering theory. The development of technological theory and practical applications of laser technology were going parallel. But the technological theory in laser technology is based on non-classical physics and can be regard itself as the new type of non-classical technology. This is the history about the non-linear direction from theoretical scientific knowledge to technological applications and the important role of scientific schools.
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