Resumen de International networks for supporting scientific careers of women in Spain, in the first third of the 20th century
Isabel Delgado Echeverría, Carmen Magallón Portolés
In the early twentieth century, mobility for scientific training was not easy, let alone for Spanish women, who only gained access to university on an equal basis as men in 1910. The Board for Advanced Studies and Scientific Research (JAE in its Spanish acronym), the institution charged with the Spanish scientific policies since 1907 until the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939), played a key role in the careers of Spanish scientists by awarding them fellowships to travel and stays abroad. For careers of Spanish women scientists, besides the JAE, some networks of international solidarity for women were important too.
Through trajectories of Spanish women scientists who went abroad and of some foreigners women who worked in Spain, particularly in Physics, Chemistry and Biology, it is highlighted, first, the welcoming attitude of the Spanish republican institutions, and secondly, the benefits obtained by women from the international women’s organizations engaged in promoting scientific training for women.
Between 1907 and 1936, at least 30 women enjoyed the opportunity to broaden their studies or research abroad. Two came to Spain from other countries, while 28 Spaniards received scholarships to the United States (12), Germany (8), France (6), England (4), Switzerland (3), Belgium (3), Austria (1), Denmark (1) and Italy (1). .
This support was crucial for the inclusion of Spanish women in the emerging scientific community in Spain, unfortunately miscarried by the wars in Spain and Europe.
