The agreement, which was made public on 1 February, indicates tariffs will be scrapped on industrial minerals traded between Vietnam and the EU. When the deal was initiated last year, experts warned IM that opening the EU to Vietnamese rare earths could create a route for re-exported, illegally produced minerals smuggled into Vietnam from China.
Incumbent 6% duties on imports of EU-sourced superphosphates, calcined phosphatic fertilisers and mineral or chemical fertilisers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, will be phased out over eight years. Commenting on the terms of the deal, EU trade commissioner Cecilia Malmstrom, said that once ratified, "the agreement will unlock a market with huge potential for EU firms."
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