Mulange said that several studies have indicated that the performance of magnesia-chrome bricks is closely related to spinel formation in their structure. By densifying bricks through the incorporation of additives, such as TiO[subscript]2 or alumina (aluminium oxide, or Al[subscript]2 O[subscript]3 ) in the raw material mixture, the extent of wear can be reduced, Mulange added.
They used a high quality burnt magnesia-chrome brick, of the kind typically used in copper or platinum converters, modified by adding different amounts of nanoscale TiO[subscript]2 to the raw material mixture. Bricks with 1, 3, 5 and 7% weight TiO[subscript]2, plus a control brick without any additive, were produced and compared by evaluating their bulk density, apparent porosity, flexural strengths (C-MOR), cold crushing strengths (CCS), static Young's modulus, and thermal expansion, among other metrics.
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