Borrowability and the notion of basic vocabulary

• Uri Tadmor ^[1] ; Martin Haspelmath ^[1] ; Bradley Taylor ^[1]
  1. [1] Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology

     Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology

     Kreisfreie Stadt Leipzig, Alemania

     
• Localización: Diachronica: International Journal for Historical Linguistics = Revue Internationale pour la Linguistique Historique = Internationale Zeitschrift für Historische Sprachwissenschaft, ISSN 0176-4225, Vol. 27, Nº Extra 2, 2010 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Quantitative Approaches to Linguistic Diversity Commemorating the centenary of the birth of Morris Swadesh ), págs. 226-246
• Idioma: inglés
• Texto completo no disponible (Saber más ...)
• Resumen

  • This paper reports on a collaborative quantitative study of loanwords in 41 languages, aimed at identifying meanings and groups of meanings that are borrowing-resistant. We find that nouns are more borrowable than adjectives or verbs, that content words are more borrowable than function words, and that different semantic fields also show different proportions of loanwords. Several issues arise when one tries to establish a list of the most borrowing-resistant meanings: Our data include degrees of likelihood of borrowing, not all meanings have counterparts in all languages, many words are compounds or derivatives and hence almost by definition non-loanwords. We also have data on the age of words. There are thus multiple factors that play a role, and we propose a way of combining the factors to yield a new 100-item list of basic vocabulary, called the Leipzig-Jakarta list.