Resumen de The many ways of making graphene
All these properties are available in perfect single layer graphene, but most production methods yield multilayer graphene, which, in addition, contains defects. Luckily, many of these manufacturing processes can be tweaked to make graphene that excels in one of the properties, while trading off some others, allowing for a choice of production method based on the intended use.
During CVD, a reaction occurs between the Cu substrate and the graphene, creating a high level of hydrostatic compression, pressing the graphene into the substrate. It has been shown to be possible to intercalate a layer of copper oxide (Cu 2 O), which is mechanically and chemically weak, between the graphene and the Cu substrate to reduce this pressure and enable the graphene to be removed relatively easily.
This way the coated graphene is strong enough to be transferred to another substrate without damaging the material. The polymer transfer method has been developed to such perfection that hovering membranes of suspended graphene, akin to nano-scale drums, are now routinely made. Such graphene drums are being explored for use as pressure and force sensors.
