Microbial Colonization of the Peri-Implant Sulcus and Implant Connection of Implants Restored With Cemented Versus Screw-Retained Superstructures: A Cross-Sectional Study

• Autores: David Peñarrocha Oltra, Alba Monreal Bello
• Localización: Journal of periodontology, ISSN 0022-3492, Nº. 9, 2016, págs. 1002-1011
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Background: The aim of this study is to investigate peri-implant and intraconnection microflora of healthy implants restored with cemented and screwed superstructures.

    Methods: Patients with two to three implants restored with cemented or screwed restorations and 5 years of follow-up were recruited. Samples were taken from peri-implant sulci, adjacent teeth, and the inner portion of connections. Prevalence of positive sites and bacterial loads for 10 microorganisms were obtained with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Implant connection permeability to the studied microorganisms was estimated using a standardized bacterial contamination index. Statistical analysis was performed using a generalized estimating equations model, Wald χ2 test, and the least significant difference test.

    Results: The final sample consisted of 18 patients (55 implants) in the cemented group and 22 patients (46 implants) in the screw-retained group. Regarding prevalence of positive sites, significant differences between groups were only found for Tannerella forsythia, which was 8.7 times more frequent at peri-implant sulci of cemented than screw-retained prostheses. Bacterial loads of Porphyromonas gingivalis, T. forsythia, Parvimonas micra, and total bacterial load were significantly higher at peri-implant sulci for the cemented group; at the inner portion of connections, values were significantly higher for P. micra and Fusobacterium nucleatum for the screw-retained group. Contamination index values demonstrated higher permeability to most microbes in the cemented group.

    Conclusions: Internal implant surfaces were microbiologically contaminated for both cemented and screw-retained superstructures. Differences were found between the two methods of prosthetic retention: the cemented group presented significantly higher bacterial loads in the peri-implant sulcus but significantly lower bacterial loads at the inner portion of the implant connection.