Resumen de Desigualdades de género en el trabajo. Evolución y tendencias en la sociedad venezolana. Producción y reproducción

Doris Acevedo

• español

  En tanto el trabajo es una actividad esencial al ser humano y a la reproducciónde la sociedad, el aporte de trabajo de hombres y mujeres en laactividad económica ha tenido continuidad histórica, con rasgos diferencialesque han dependido de las formas de organización social de la produccióny de la manera como se expresa la división sexual del trabajo.El enfoque de género refiere a la construcción social de las experienciasvitales de hombres y mujeres, así como a las relaciones sociales entre lossexos, permitiendo identificar las particularidades en la inserción de hombresy mujeres en el trabajo, sus ventajas y desventajas.

• English

  Inasmuch labour is a key activity for human being and the reproduction of society, the contribution of labour from men and women through economic activity has had historical continuity, with differential traits depending upon the forms of social organisation impressed to production and how the sexual division of labour is expressed.

  Gender approach is referred to social construction of vital experiences of men and women, likewise social relations between sexes, allowing the identification of particularities on the way how men and women insert respectively into labour, and the advantages and disadvantages for each sex.

  In Venezuelan society, both sexes have participated continuously and strongly as a working force into economic activity. But, the sexual division of labour and gender stereotypes have contributed in segmentation of employment, wage disparities and sex-based discrimination on access to labour. Since the industrialisation and modernisation of society occurred, the tensions originated between social needs of labour and employment, and differentiated opportunities of men and women, impress trends generating gender inequalities in the labour, thus bearing women increased disadvantages according to access in employment, work training and low wages, among others.