Trichomoniasis is caused by the protozoan, Trichomonas vaginalis. It is a common sexually transmitted infection, particularly among women, in whom it causes a vaginal discharge and vulvitis. Urethral symptoms in men are usually mild and transient. It has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcome and enhances HIV transmission. Molecular tests have shown the inferiority of standard wet film microscopy and culture methods. Increased use of molecular and rapid point-of-care tests in high prevalence populations will enhance case finding and treatment.
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