Dietary fiber and saturated fat: relation between biochemical markers of metabolic syndrome
- Autores: Bruna Angelo Vieira, Débora da Silva Rosenhaim, Carla Haas Piovesan, David Santos de Freitas, Luísa Rihl Castro, Fabrício Edler Macagnan, Ana Maria Pandolfo Feoli
- Localización: Scientia Medica, ISSN-e 1980-6108, Vol. 25, Nº. 1, 2015
- Idioma: inglés
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Resumen
Aims: To relate the consumption of dietary fiber and saturated fat to biochemical markers in individuals with metabolic syndrome.
Methods: The database of this cross-sectional study consisted of both male and female adults diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, according to the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III, who participated in a study at the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul. Data on all individuals registered at baseline who had complete information about their food intake were used. Consumption of dietary fiber and saturated fat was calculated based on the information provided by a 24-hour recall survey and a two-day food record. We evaluated the subjects in general and stratified by gender. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Student’s t test. The correlation between fiber and saturated fat intake and biochemical markers was measured by Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The significance level was set at 5%.
Results: There were 79 individuals whose records contained complete information and who were eventually included in the study. A significant positive correlation was observed between saturated fat intake and serum triglyceride levels (r=0.30; p=0.008) and between saturated fat intake and insulin (r=0.26; p=0.021). Also, a significant inverse correlation was observed between fiber intake and serum levels of HDL cholesterol (r=-0.28; p=0.011). When stratified by gender, the positive correlation between consumption of saturated fat and triglycerides remained significant only among men (r=0.44; p=0.034).
Conclusions: In this population diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, lower levels of HDL cholesterol were found in individuals who referred higher intake of dietary fiber, while individuals who reported elevated consumption of saturated fat had higher levels of insulin and triglycerides. In the gender-stratified analysis, positive correlation was found only between saturated fat consumption and serum triglyceride levels in men.
