Replication stress activates DNA repair synthesis in mitosis

• Autores: Sheroy Minocherhomji, Songmin Ying, Victoria A. Bjerregaard
• Localización: Nature: International weekly journal of science, ISSN 0028-0836, Vol. 528, Nº 7581, 2015, págs. 286-290
• Idioma: inglés
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen

  • Oncogene-induced DNA replication stress has been implicated as a driver of tumorigenesis1. Many chromosomal rearrangements characteristic of human cancers originate from specific regions of the genome called common fragile sites (CFSs)2,3,4,5. CFSs are difficult-to-replicate loci that manifest as gaps or breaks on metaphase chromosomes (termed CFS ‘expression’), particularly when cells have been exposed to replicative stress6. The MUS81-EME1 structure-specific endonuclease promotes the appearance of chromosome gaps or breaks at CFSs following replicative stress7,8,9. Here we show that entry of cells into mitotic prophase triggers the recruitment of MUS81 to CFSs. The nuclease activity of MUS81 then promotes POLD3-dependent DNA synthesis at CFSs, which serves to minimize chromosome mis-segregation and non-disjunction. We propose that the attempted condensation of incompletely duplicated loci in early mitosis serves as the trigger for completion of DNA replication at CFS loci in human cells. Given that this POLD3-dependent mitotic DNA synthesis is enhanced in aneuploid cancer cells that exhibit intrinsically high levels of chromosomal instability (CIN+) and replicative stress, we suggest that targeting this pathway could represent a new therapeutic approach.