Changes in Insulin Resistance and HbA^sub 1c^ Are Related to Exercise-Mediated Changes in Body Composition in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes:: Interim outcomes from the GREAT2DO trial

• Autores: Yorgi Mavros, Shelley Kay, Kylie A. Anderberg, Michael K. Baker, Yi Wang, Renru Zhao, Jacinda Meiklejohn, Mike Climstein, Anthony O'Sullivan, Nathan de Vos, Bernard T. Baune, Steven N. Blair, David Simar, Kieron Rooney, Nalin Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone Singh
• Localización: Diabetes care, ISSN-e 0149-5992, Vol. 36, Nº. 8, 2013 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Diabetes), págs. 2372-2379
• Idioma: inglés
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• Dialnet Métricas: 1 Cita
• Resumen

  • To investigate changes in body composition after 12 months of high-intensity progressive resistance training (PRT) in relation to changes in insulin resistance (IR) or glucose homeostasis in older adults with type 2 diabetes. One-hundred three participants were randomized to receive either PRT or sham exercise 3 days per week for 12 months. Homeostasis model assessment 2 of insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were used as indices of IR and glucose homeostasis. Skeletal muscle mass (SkMM) and total fat mass were assessed using bioelectrical impedance. Visceral adipose tissue, mid-thigh cross-sectional area, and mid-thigh muscle attenuation were quantified using computed tomography. Within the PRT group, changes in HOMA2-IR were associated with changes in SkMM (r = -0.38; P = 0.04) and fat mass (r = 0.42; P = 0.02). Changes in visceral adipose tissue tended to be related to changes in HOMA2-IR (r = 0.35; P = 0.07). Changes in HbA1c were related to changes in mid-thigh muscle attenuation (r = 0.52; P = 0.001). None of these relationships were present in the sham group (P > 0.05). Using ANCOVA models, participants in the PRT group who had increased SkMM had decreased HOMA2-IR (P = 0.05) and HbA1c (P = 0.09) compared with those in the PRT group who lost SkMM. Increases in SkMM in the PRT group decreased HOMA2-IR (P = 0.07) and HbA1c (P < 0.05) compared with those who had increased SkMM in the sham group. Improvements in metabolic health in older adults with type 2 diabetes were mediated through improvements in body composition only if they were achieved through high-intensity PRT.