Resumen de Automatización de estaciones de clasificación
In a railway network, the scheduling of the movement of goods trains and the later marshalling of empty wagons for new use, the two following alternatives come into function:
-Time for the transportation of the wagon, which influences the quality of the service.
-Best use of the means employed, upon which depends the profitability of the operation.
The extreme solutions to this double problem are:
-Direct trains between each of the stations of origin and each of the destinations. A large number of trains of low exploitation with the best transport time.
-The grouping of trains with the same runs in only one train; exploitation of means, but inacceptable transport times.
The solution is a conjunction of the two extremes.
The railway networks are divided into sections. Each consists of a headquarters or principal shunting station, in which is concentrated all the movements of the stations in its section.
The marshalling stations appear as a form of systematization of goods transport with full wagons, in order to obtain the maximum use of the two fundamental alternatives which come into play: bettering the transport times and the development of the means used.
Schematically a marshalling station carries out the following basic functions: the receiving of entire trains or part of them; the marshalling of the wagons; formation of out-going trains and the expedition of these trains.
The marshalling stations have two possible fields of automatization, which are: administrative processes (information about wagons, their situation and the amount of time they have been in the station) and regulation processes.
The administrative processes are automated by means of an Automated System of Control and Information of Goods (SACIM).
However, the principle objects of this study are the automated processes of regulation, such as: the setting up of routes; regulation of the shunting area.
At the moment, the RENFE's marshalling station in Vicálvaro (Madrid) is projected to bring this station's automatic services up to date and a later amplification of the rest of the stations in the national network.
In order to adopt the most appropriate automatization system for Spain's necessities, all the principal stations of the world's most important railway services are being inspected.
These are the advantages of automation: lessening of costs; better quality of service in goods transport; a saving in employees; increase in the capacity of the installations.
