Dietary cladode powder from wild type and domesticated Opuntia species reduces atherogenesis in apoE knock-out mice

• Sandra Garoby-Salom ^[1] ; Françoise Guéraud ^[4] ; Caroline Camaré ^[1] ; Ana-Paulina Barba de la Rosa ^[5] ; Michel Rossignol ^[2] ; María del Socorro Santos Díaz ^[3] ; Robert Salvayre ^[1] ; Anne Negre-Salvayre ^[1]
  1. [1] Université de Toulouse

     Université de Toulouse

     Arrondissement de Toulouse, Francia

     
  2. [2] Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology

     Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology

     Arrondissement de Toulouse, Francia

     
  3. [3] Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí

     Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí

     México

     
  4. [4] UMR1331 INRA/UPS/INPT Toxalim
  5. [5] IPICyT, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica

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• Localización: Journal of physiology and biochemistry, ISSN-e 1877-8755, ISSN 1138-7548, Vol. 72, Nº. 1, 2016, págs. 59-70
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Dietary intake of Opuntia species may prevent the development of cardiovascular diseases. The present study was designed to characterize the biological antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Opuntia species and to investigate whether Opuntia cladodes prevent the development of atherosclerosis in vivo, in apoE−KO mice. The effects of the two Opuntia species, the wild Opuntia streptacantha and the domesticated Opuntia ficus-indica, were tested on the generation of intra- and extracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and kinetics of the LDL oxidation by murine CRL2181 endothelial cells and on the subsequent inflammatory signaling leading to the adhesion of monocytes on the activated endothelium and the formation of foam cells. Opuntia species blocked the extracellular ROS (superoxide anion) generation and LDL oxidation by CRL2181, as well as the intracellular ROS rise and signaling evoked by the oxidized LDL, including the nuclear translocation of the transcription factor NFκB, the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 adhesion molecules, and the adhesion of monocytes to CRL2181. In vivo, Opuntia significantly reduced the formation of atherosclerotic lesions and the accumulation of 4-hydroxynonenal adducts in the vascular wall of apoE-KO mice, indicating that Opuntia cladodes prevent lipid oxidation in the vascular wall. In conclusion, wild and domesticated Opuntia species exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiatherogenic properties which emphasize their nutritional benefit for preventing cardiovascular diseases.