The Hercynian basement of the Iberian Peninsula has undergone different stages of supergenic weathering which has given rise to a superposition of several "weathering mantles". Remnants ofan old weathering mantle, Mesozoic in age, and related to a planation surface older than the Alpine tectonic phases, have been found. Nowadays the fragments of this old surface appear unleveled and/or fossilized by younger sediments.
Likewise, related to the "Raña" sediments of Upper Neogene-Lower Pleistocene age, appears a weathering mantle, probably active today, which is rich in kaolinite and with strong hydromorphic features.
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