Introduction of a Mixture of β-Tricalcium Phosphate Into a Complex of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Type I Collagen Can Augment the Volume of Alveolar Bone Without Impairing Cementum Regeneration

• Takayosi Nagahara ^[1] ; Shinichiro Yoshimatsu ^[1] ; Hideki Shiba ^[1] ; Hiroyuki Kawaguchi ^[2] ; Katsuhiro Takeda ^[1] ; Tomoyuki Iwata ^[1] ; Noriyoshi Mizuno ^[1] ; Tsuyoshi Fujita ^[1] ; Hidemi Kurihara ^[1]
  1. [1] Department of Periodontal Medicine, Applied Life Science, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
  2. [2] Department of Periodontal Medicine, Applied Life Science, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima Department of Periodontal Medicine, Applied Life Science, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan., Hiroshima, Japan.
• Localización: Journal of periodontology, ISSN 0022-3492, Vol. 86, Nº. 3, 2015, págs. 456-464
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) could be a promising modality to help augment alveolar bone in periodontal tissue regeneration by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs).

    Methods: Expanded BMMSCs and atelocollagen (Col) were mixed together (MSC/Col). A combination of β-TCP with MSC/Col was also prepared (MSC/Col/TCP). MSC/Col/TCP or MSC/Col was transplanted into experimental periodontal Class III furcation defects that had been exposed to inflammation in beagle dogs. Periodontal tissue regeneration was evaluated by histologic and morphometric analyses at 4 and 8 weeks after transplantation.

    Results: MSC/Col and MSC/Col/TCP enhanced periodontal tissue regeneration compared to Col and TCP/Col according to hematoxylin and eosin staining. The percentage of new cementum length in the MSC/Col/TCP group was not significantly different from that in the MSC/Col group at 4 and 8 weeks. On the other hand, the percentage of new bone area in the MSC/Col/TCP group was much higher than that in the MSC/TCP group at 4 weeks. However, at 8 weeks, no significant difference in new bone area was found between the two groups. In the MSC/Col/TCP group, β-TCP was surrounded by newly formed bone. Multinucleated cells, which were positive for osteopontin and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, were present in the interconnected macropores of β-TCP.

    Conclusion: These findings suggest that β-TCP is applicable as a scaffold for BMMSCs transplantation and helps augment alveolar bone without impairing regeneration of cementum.