Preterm birth and/or low birth weight are associated with periodontal disease and the increased placental immunohistochemical expression of inflammatory markers
- Autores: Elena Pozo, Francisco Mesa, Mohamed H. Ikram, Laura Torrecillas Martínez, Inmaculada Ortega Oller, Antonio Magán-Fernández, María Dolores Rodríguez Martínez, Miguel Padial Molina, Elena Sánchez Fernández, Pablo Galindo Moreno, Francisco Javier O'Valle Ravassa, Alberto Puertas
- Localización: Histology and histopathology: cellular and molecular biology, ISSN-e 1699-5848, ISSN 0213-3911, Vol. 31, Nº. 2, 2016, págs. 231-237
- Idioma: inglés
- Enlaces
-
Resumen
The objective of this study was to determine whether gynecological and periodontal clinical parameters and the immunohistochemical expression in placental chorionic villi of the markers cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin (IL)-1ß, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1), podoplanin, and Heat Shock Protein (HSP70) are associated with preterm birth (PB) and/or low birth weight (LBW) neonates. Material and methods: An observational case-control study was performed in 130 puerperal women: mothers of PB/LBW neonates (cases, n=65) and mothers of full-term normal-weight neonates (controls, n=65). Data were gathered from all participants on socio-demographic, gynecological, and periodontal variables and on placental immunohistochemical COX-2, IL-1ß, VEGFR1, podoplanin, and HSP70 expression. Results: Among the 42 women with mild/moderate periodontitis or gingivitis, the studied periodontal variables were significantly worse and the placental COX-2 (p=0.043), HSP70 (p=0.001), IL-1ß (p=0.001), VEGFR1 (p=0.032), and podoplanin (p=0.058) expressions were significantly higher in the cases than in the controls. In comparison to the mothers without periodontitis, only COX-2 (p=0.026) and VEGFR1 (p=0.005) expressions were significantly increased in those with the disease. Increased COX-2 values were detected in the women with a history of genitourinary infection (p=0.036), premature rupture of membrane (p=0.012), or drug treatment (p=0.050). Conclusions: The etiology of preterm birth and/or low birth weight is multifactorial and involves consumption habits, social-health factors, and infectious episodes. These adverse pregnancy outcomes were associated with periodontitis and the increased placental expression of IL-1ß, COX-2, VEGFR1, and HSP70
