CANINE distemper virus (CDV) has a global distribution and affects a range of species including dogs and large cats. In 1994, a CDV outbreak in the Serengeti National Park in Tanzania led to the death of 30 per cent of the lion population and affected several other species. Mass vaccination of domestic dogs against CDV has been proposed as a strategy to protect wildlife in at-risk areas, but there are concerns over the cost-effectiveness of this intervention. This study aimed to analyse data on CDV infection in dogs and lions in the Serengeti, investigate the role that domestic dogs play in CDV infection in lions and the efficacy of mass dog vaccination as a control strategy.
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