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Transitions in European land-management regimes between 1800 and 2010

    1. [1] University of Copenhagen

      University of Copenhagen

      Dinamarca

    2. [2] University of Klagenfurt

      University of Klagenfurt

      Klagenfurt, Austria

    3. [3] VU University Amsterdam

      VU University Amsterdam

      Países Bajos

    4. [4] Ghent University

      Ghent University

      Arrondissement Gent, Bélgica

    5. [5] Norwegian University of Science and Technology

      Norwegian University of Science and Technology

      Noruega

    6. [6] University of Eastern Finland

      University of Eastern Finland

      Kuopio, Finlandia

    7. [7] University of Luxembourg

      University of Luxembourg

      Luxemburgo

    8. [8] University of Malta

      University of Malta

      Malta

    9. [9] Charles University in Prague

      Charles University in Prague

      Chequia

    10. [10] Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

      Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

      Madrid, España

    11. [11] Institute of Landscape Ecology

      Institute of Landscape Ecology

      Eslovaquia

    12. [12] Geography Department, Humboldt-University Berlin, Berlin. Germany
    13. [13] Integrative Research Institute on Transformation of Human- Environment Systems (IRI THESys), Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin. Germany
    14. [14] Institute of Archaeology, Scientific Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Ljubljana. Slovenia
    15. [15] Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie Marine et Continentale (IMBE), Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, Aix-en-Provence. France
    16. [16] Landscape Ecology Group, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf. Switzerland
    17. [17] Institute of Geography & The Lived Environment, School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh. UK
    18. [18] Lithuanian Social Research Centre, Institute of Sociology, Department of Human Geography, Vilnius. Lithuania
  • Localización: Land use policy: The International Journal Covering All Aspects of Land Use, ISSN 0264-8377, ISSN-e 1873-5754, Nº. 49, 2015, págs. 53-64
  • Idioma: inglés
  • Texto completo no disponible (Saber más ...)
  • Resumen
    • Land use is a cornerstone of human civilization, but also intrinsically linked to many global sustainability challenges—from climate change to food security to the ongoing biodiversity crisis. Understanding the underlying technological, institutional and economic drivers of land-use change, and how they play out in different environmental, socio-economic and cultural contexts, is therefore important for identifying effective policies to successfully address these challenges. In this regard, much can be learned from studying long-term land-use change. We examined the evolution of European land management over the past 200 years with the aim of identifying (1) key episodes of changes in land management, and (2) their underlying technological, institutional and economic drivers. To do so, we generated narratives elaborating on the drivers of land use-change at the country level for 28 countries in Europe. We qualitatively grouped drivers into land-management regimes, and compared changes in management regimes across Europe. Our results allowed discerning seven land-management regimes, and highlighted marked heterogeneity regarding the types of management regimes occurring in a particular country, the timing and prevalence of regimes, and the conditions that result in observed bifurcations. However, we also found strong similarities across countries in the timing of certain land-management regime shifts, often in relation to institutional reforms (e.g., changes in EU agrarian policies or the emergence and collapse of the Soviet land management paradigm) or to technological innovations (e.g., drainage pipes, tillage and harvesting machinery, motorization, and synthetic fertilizers). Land reforms frequently triggered changes in land management, and the location and timing of reforms had substantial impacts on land-use outcomes. Finally, forest protection policies and voluntary cooperatives were important drivers of land-management changes. Overall, our results demonstrate that land-system changes should not be conceived as unidirectional developments following predefined trajectories, but rather as path-dependent processes that may be affected by various drivers, including sudden events.


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