Resumen de Complex of natural enemies of Essigella californica (Essig, 1909) (Hemiptera, Aphididae, Lachninae) in Riverside, California, USA

Serguei V. Triapitsyn, Vladimir V. Berezovskiy, Peter S. Tretiakov

• español

  Essigella californica pulgón del pino de Monterey, es una plaga secundaria del pino canario, Pinus canariensis en el sur de California, EEUU, donde se encuentra bajo un eficaz control natural. Se estudió y se identificó taxonómicamente su complejo de enemigos

• English

  Essigella californica, the Monterey pine aphid, is a minor pest of the Canary Island pine, Pinus canariensis in southern California, USA, where it is under effective natural control. Its natural enemy complex, which includes one primary parasitoid and several hyperparasitoids, plus predators and their parasitoids, was studied on the campus of the University of California at Riverside during 2010 and 2011 and identified taxonomically. Only one primary parasitoid, Diaeretus essigellae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae), was reared; the associated hyperparasitoids were Asaphes californicus and Pachyneuron aphidis (Hymenoptera, Pteromalidae) as well as Dendrocerus sp. (Hymenoptera, Megaspilidae) and Syrphophagus aphidivorus (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae). Insect predators of E. californica, which apparently play a much smaller role in its natural control, are also listed together with their parasitoids. This information may be useful for classical biological control programs against this invasive aphid in several countries beyond its native range.