Resumen de Alteraciones cognitivas en Parkinson Juvenil causado por la mutación C212Y en el gen Parkin

Sonia Moreno, Omar Buriticá, Alejandro Franco, Nicolás Pineda, William Arias, Diego Sepúlveda, Daniel Camilo Aguirre Acevedo, William Tamayo, Santiago Uribe, Gabriel Bedoya, Andrés Ruiz-Linares, Francisco Lopera

• español

  En Antioquia (Colombia) hay reportadas cuatro grandes familias afectadas con enfermedad de Parkinson Familiar Juvenil portadoras de la mutación C212Y en el gen Parkin. Nosotros seleccionamos un grupo de 10 sujetos con diagnóstico de enfermedad de Parkinson (EP), portadores de la mutación C212Y y un grupo de 10 familiares sanos (no portadores). En el ámbito neuropsicológico se evidencian diferencias significativas entre los grupos (p<0.05) en el minimental state, y en pruebas que evalúan la memoria inmediata y la atención, observandose tiempos prolongados de ejecución y marcada lentificación. Esta investigación sugiere que las alteraciones observadas podrían ser consideradas como rasgos neuropsicológicos de los pacientes con la mutación C212Y en el gen Parkin, cuya expresión fenotípica en esta población parece estar asociada con una lenta evolución y a deterioro cognitivo leve (DCL).

• English

  In Antioquia, Colombia, four families have been reported with juvenile Parkinson´s disease and carrying the C212Y mutation in the Parkin gene. Many cognitive alterations associated with idiopathic, late-onset Parkinson´s disease have been described; however, little attention has been paid to the description of neuropsychological profiles in families carrying mutations in genes associated with juvenile Parkinson´s disease. For this study we selected a group of ten homozygous carriers of Parkin mutation C212Y with the clinical and a group of molecular diagnosis of Parkinson´s disease, and ten healthy relatives as controls. The neuropsychological evaluation revealed statistically significant differences between the two groups (p < 0.05) in Minimental State Examination and in tests evaluating working memory and attention in which prolonged execution times and marked slowing down of information processing were observed. We suggest that the observed alterations could be considered as neuropsychological features of patients with the C212Y mutation in the Parkin gene, the phenotypic expression of which seems to be associated in this population with slow evolution, mild cognitive impairment and functional involvement.