Evaluation of Hard Tissue Replacement Composite Graft Material as a Ridge Preservation/Augmentation Material in Conjunction with Immediate Hydroxyapatite-Coated Dental Implants

• Autores: Raymond A. Yukna, Paulino Castellon, Ana M. Saenz-Nasr, Kris Owens, Jason Simmons, Kavas H. Thunthy, Elizabeth T. Mayer
• Localización: Journal of periodontology, ISSN 0022-3492, Vol. 74, Nº. 5, 2003, págs. 679-686
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Background: Immediate placement of dental implants (DI) in fresh extraction sockets is associated with remaining voids around the DI and often a partial dehiscence or thin facial alveolar plate. Bone replacement grafts are often used to correct these problems. This study evaluated the use of a layered composite of PMMA (poly-methyl-methacrylate), PHEMA (poly-hydroxyl-ethyl-methacrylate), and calcium hydroxide grafts (HTR) as a ridge preservation/ augmentation material used in conjunction with an immediate DI placement technique.

    Methods: Twenty-three patients requiring 1 or 2 extractions that were treatment planned for immediate DI placement received 4.0 or 3.25 mm diameter hydroxyapatite-coated cylindrical implants in the extraction sockets. HTR was used to fill the remaining socket void and enhance the facial ridge width. A collagen hemostatic was placed to cover the DI sites, flaps released, and primary closure attempted with sutures. DI uncovering was performed at about 6 months. Measurements were taken to the nearest 0.5 mm of the internal socket width and total ridge width at DI placement and uncovering.

    Results: Thirty DIs were placed in the 23 patients. Mean initial internal socket width was 6.9 mm. The total ridge width showed a mean change from 9.1 mm to 8.4 mm; 60% of the areas showed a net increase or no change, while 40% showed a decrease in overall ridge width. DI success rate was 97% out to 6 months of loading.

    Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that HTR is a useful adjunct in the placement of immediate DIs for filling of socket voids and preservation of ridge width. J Periodontol 2003;74:679-686.