Lymphocyte Numbers and Function in Relation to Periodontitis and Smoking

• Autores: Dr. Bruno G. Loos, Marijke T.L. Roos, Peter Th.A. Schellekens, Ubele Van der Velden, Frank Miedema
• Localización: Journal of periodontology, ISSN 0022-3492, Vol. 75, Nº. 4, 2004, págs. 557-564
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Background: T and B lymphocytes play important roles in periodontitis. Smoking is considered a risk factor for periodontitis and may exert its negative effects through leukocytes. Taking smoking into consideration, the aim of this study was to analyze numbers of circulating T (CD3+) cells and their CD4+ and CD8+ subpopulations, B (CD19+) cells, and T-cell proliferative capacity in periodontitis.

    Methods: Lymphocyte immunophenotyping for T cells, their CD4+ and CD8+ subsets, and B cells was performed on peripheral blood from 76 periodontitis patients and 36 controls. Proliferative capacity of T cells was determined in whole-blood lymphocyte culture assays after mitogenic stimulation.

    Results: Total T cells, CD4+ and CD8+ subpopulations, and responsiveness to specific T-cell stimuli did not differ between patients and controls; in addition, B cells were not significantly elevated in periodontitis patients. However, more periodontal breakdown in smoking patients was associated with higher numbers of CD3+ T cells, as well as with CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets, and increased T-cell proliferation. Numbers of B cells were not affected by smoking.

    Conclusions: The increased numbers of T-cells and elevated T-cell responsiveness in patients who smoke may be one of several explanations why smoking is a risk factor for periodontitis. The mechanism of how T-cell function contributes to increase the severity of periodontal breakdown in smoking periodontitis patients needs to be investigated further. J Periodontol 2004;75:557-564.