Locally Produced Anti-Phosphorylcholine and Anti-Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Antibodies in Gingival Crevicular Fluid from Aggressive Periodontitis Patients

• Autores: Dr. Harvey A. Schenkein, C. Rennie Berry, Al M. Best, John G. Tew
• Localización: Journal of periodontology, ISSN 0022-3492, Vol. 75, Nº. 1, 2004, págs. 146-153
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Background: Sera from patients with periodontal attachment loss contain higher concentrations of IgG anti-phosphorylcholine (anti-PC) than sera from healthy subjects. Furthermore, a large proportion of plaque bacteria bear PC-containing surface antigens, implicating the oral flora as a source of immunogen for anti-PC. Additionally, anti-PC is cross-reactive with a variety of oral bacterial antigens and human antigens such as oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). We hypothesized that, if the oral flora is a source of PC antigens, then we should be able to detect local anti- PC and anti-oxLDL production in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF).

    Methods: To test this, we collected 66 GCF samples from 15 patients with aggressive periodontitis and examined both the GCF samples and serum samples for their content of IgG anti-PC, IgG anti-LDL, and IgG anti-oxLDL by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We also determined levels of anti-tetanus toxoid (anti-TT) as a non-oral antigen control. Serum and GCF concentrations of serum albumin (HSA) were also determined for use as a dilution marker. A conservative GCF:serum antibody ratio of greater than 1.5 was considered to be evidence of local antibody production.

    Results: For the non-oral antigen TT, only one out of 62 samples contained locally produced antibody. Eight out of 64 samples (7 from a single subject) demonstrated local production of anti-LDL. In contrast, 28 out of 66 samples demonstrated local production of anti-PC, and 47 out of 66 samples contained locally produced anti-oxLDL. It was observed that A. actinomycetemcomitans strains containing or devoid of PC could absorb antioxLDL from human sera. Although there was a correlation between the ratios of anti-PC and anti-oxLDL (Spearman's rho = 0.35, P = 0.0037), local production of both antibodies was found in only 17 out of 65 samples, indicating that these antibodies are not always reflective of reactivity to the same antigens.

    Conclusion: The local production of anti-PC and anti-oxLDL further implicates the oral flora as a source of antigen that may mediate immune reactions of relevance to cardiovascular and other systemic diseases. J Periodontol 2004;75:146-153.