Resumen de Effects of Surface Hydrophilicity and Microtopography on Early Stages of Soft and Hard Tissue Integration at Non-Submerged Titanium Implants: An Immunohistochemical Study in Dogs

Marco Wieland, Jürgen Becker, Frank Schwarz, Daniel Ferrari, Monika Herten, Ilja Mihatovic, Martin Sager

• Effects of Surface Hydrophilicity and Microtopography on Early Stages of Soft and Hard Tissue Integration at Non-Submerged Titanium Implants: An Immunohistochemical Study in Dogs Frank Schwarz,* Daniel Ferrari,* Monika Herten,* Ilja Mihatovic,* Marco Wieland,† Martin Sager,‡ and Jürgen Becker* *Department of Oral Surgery, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.

  †Institute Straumann, Basel, Switzerland.

  ‡Animal Research Institute, Heinrich Heine University.

  Correspondence: Dr. Frank Schwarz, Department of Oral Surgery, Westdeutsche Kieferklinik, Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany. Fax: 49-211-1713542; e-mail: frank.schwarz@med.uni-duesseldorf.de.

  Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of surface hydrophilicity and microtopography on soft and hard tissue integration at non-submerged titanium implants.

  Methods: Implantation of conventional sand-blasted large grit and acid-etched (SLA) and chemically modified SLA (modSLA) titanium implants with differently structured transmucosal surfaces (SLA implants: machined [M-SLA] or SLA [SLA-SLA]; modSLA implants: mod acid-etched [modA] [modA-modSLA] or modSLA [modSLA-modSLA]) was performed bilaterally in the upper and lower jaws of 15 beagle dogs. The animals were sacrificed after 1, 4, 7, 14, or 28 days. Tissue reactions were assessed histomorphometrically and immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibodies to transglutaminase II (angiogenesis) and osteocalcin.

  Results: Although the junctional epithelium commonly was separated from M-SLA and SLA-SLA implants by a gap, the epithelial cells appeared to be in close contact with modA-modSLA surfaces after 14 days of healing. Moreover, modA-modSLA and modSLA-modSLA groups showed a well-vascularized subepithelial connective tissue exhibiting collagen fibers that started to extend and attach partially perpendicular to the implant surface. The highest and statistically significant mean bone-to-implant contact areas were observed in the modA-modSLA and modSLA-modSLA groups at days 7, 14, and 28.

  Conclusion: Within the limits of this study, it may be concluded that soft and hard tissue integration was influenced mainly by surface hydrophilicity rather than by microtopography.

  KEYWORDS: Animal experiments, chemistry, dental implants, immunohistochemistry Cited by Siddharth Shanbhag, Vivek Shanbhag and Andreas Stavropoulos. (2015) Genomic analyses of early peri-implant bone healing in humans: a systematic review. International Journal of Implant Dentistry 1.

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