The Pantheon of the Kings at León is generally accepted as a monument of the 1080s with wall paintings dated about 1100, a dating that suggests that the patron was Fernando I’s daughter Urraca, and that places the execution of the Panteón in a period of political and liturgical change. This paper explores the structure and decoration of the Panteón and considers the full implications of its context. Using manuscript evidence, a detailed icono-graphic study, and comparative material, it shows that the Panteón embodied intercession for its dead and incorporated both the Leonese monarchy’s Cluniac interests and its Gothic heritage.
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