In vivo assessment of a multicomponent and nanostructural polymeric matrix as a delivery system for antimicrobials and bone morphogenetic protein-2 in a unicortical tibial defect in goats

• Localización: American Journal of Veterinary Research, ISSN-e 1943-5681, ISSN 0002-9645, Nº. 2-75, 2014, págs. 240-250
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Objective�To determine the response of cortical bone to a multicomponent and nanostructural polymeric matrix as a drug delivery system for enhancing bone healing.

    Animals�20 healthy adult crossbred goats.

    Procedures�A 3.5-mm-diameter unicortical defect was created in each tibia (day 0), and goats (4 goats/group) were treated as follows: not treated (control group), grafted with the matrix, grafted with antimicrobial (tigecycline and tobramycin)�impregnated matrix, grafted with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein type 2 (rhBMP-2)�impregnated matrix, or grafted with antimicrobial- and rhBMP-2�impregnated matrix. Elution kinetics of antimicrobials was monitored through plasma concentrations. Bone response was assessed with radiographic scoring (days 1 and 30) and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (days 1, 14, and 30). Goats were euthanized on day 30, and histomorphologic analysis was performed. Categorical variables were analyzed with a generalized linear model, and continuous variables were analyzed with an ANOVA.

    Results�Plasma antimicrobial concentrations indicated continued release throughout the study. Radiography and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry did not reveal significant differences among treatments on day 30. Periosteal reactions were significantly greater surrounding bone defects grafted with rhBMP-2�impregnated matrix than those not treated or grafted with matrix or with antimicrobial-impregnated matrix; periosteal reactions were similar in bone defects grafted with rhBMP-2�impregnated matrix and antimicrobial- and rhBMP-2�impregnated matrix.

    Conclusions and Clinical Relevance�The matrix served as an antimicrobial delivery system and stimulated bone proliferation when rhBMP-2 was present. Antimicrobial and rhBMP-2 can be used concurrently, but the presence of antimicrobials may affect the performance of rhBMP-2.