Resumen de Impacto Económico de la Agricultura Orgánica en comparativo con la Agricultura Tradicional en el cultivo del Maíz
Alicia de Luna, María García, Eduardo Rodríguez Guzmán, Javier Vázquez
The loss of organic matter generates a deficiency of nutrients in the soil, which causes a decrease in the quality of products and low yields. Soil fertility is enriched with organic matter. Compost provides and improves the conditions of fertility, structure, texture, pH, and increases its water and nutrient retention capacity. The present work established the objective to perform an economic analysis of chemical and Organic fertilization in maize. It was held at the Borundas Ranch in Tototlán, Jalisco. Corn was planted using two treatments with three replications (three consecutive years), each treatment in an area of 5,000 m2. For A treatment, fertilization each cycle was conducted with 400 kg of formula (18-46-00), 400 kg of urea and 50 kg of potassium chloride. For treatment B, based on soil analysis, first year were applied 20 tons of compost (Bokashi type with cattle manure) and 12 liters of fertilizer with trace elements (supermagro), second year 15 ton and 12 liters, and third year, 10 ton and 12 litres.
Main values of compost: CE 1.5 (1:1 Ds/cm), nitrates 30.5 mg/kg, phosphorus 300 mg/kg, potassium 10.32 mg/kg. Results and discussion. In the first year saved a 22.03% compared to chemical fertilization. For the second year, the savings was a 47.71% and in the third of 60.55%. Production remained at eight ton average for both treatments. With this change in the fertilization environment remains uncontaminated, takes care of the health of the producer and the consumer. As conclusions we have that the fertilization of corn in an organic context can maintain levels of harvest and protect and restore ecosystems, avoiding contamination.
