International standards and international trade: : Empirical evidence from ISO 9000 diffusion

• Autores: Joseph A. Clougherty, Michal Grajek
• Localización: International journal of industrial organization, ISSN 0167-7187, Vol. 36, Nº. 1, 2014, págs. 70-82
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Empirical scholarship on the standards�trade relationship has been held up due to methodological challenges: measurement, varied effects, and endogeneity. Considering the trade-effects of one particular standard (ISO 9000), we surmount methodological challenges by measuring standardization via national penetration of ISO 9000, allowing standardization to manifest via multiple (quality-signaling, information/compliance-cost, and common-language) channels, and using instrumental variable, multilateral resistance and panel data techniques to overcome endogeneity. We find evidence of common-language and quality-signaling augmenting country-pair trade. Yet, ISO-rich nations benefit the most from standardization, while ISO-poor nations find ISO 9000 to represent a trade barrier due to compliance-cost effects.