Resumen de Diseño de un instrumento de evaluación del desempeño basado en competencias para supervisores de producción de la industria del Calzado en la Ciudad de León Guanajuato.
This study was conducted in the city of Leon Guanajuato, known for its expertise in the production chain Leather-Footwear sector. This sector now accounts about 43% of the footwear industry in Mexico, being León City in the State of Guanajuato where about 70 thousand people are formally employed in this industry. The jobs generated by industrial footwear coupled with the intensity of national and international competition are essential to an important sector of the productive economy. This study focused on the footwear industry due to the lack of measurement tools to perform tasks relevant for this important category of productive income for the country of México. It was found that measurable instruments are required to press, correct and modify behaviors that are relevant for optimal resource management in this industry and to increase and improve the productivity of this important sector.
The need for the research came from the observation of the lack of adequate methods to measure the performance in the Footwear industry. This instrument was conceptualized specifically for evaluating the performance of production supervisors in this industry. Performance evaluation is a global activity that has been developing since the beginning of modern industry. This idea was proposed in the beginning by Robert Owen, at its factory in New Lannarl in 1813 (Evaluación de desempeño: desempeño por competencias, 2004)Over the years the evaluation systems have evolved in response to the industrial productivity and internal company resources, such that recently have been studied and developed methods of assessing competency-based performance (Evaluación de desempeño: desempeño por competencias, 2004). The concept of competition has its origins in work of American industrial and organizational psychology in the late 1960s and early 1970s (Spencer et al, 1992). Since 1973 from studies of David McClelland who incorporated new assessment methods under the concept of competence.
The interest to design and then evaluate a tool to evaluate the performance of production supervisors in the footwear industry is based on Martha Alicia Alles, who in his book Performance Competency, Assessment 360 (2005) mentions the importance of properly evaluate the performance of the employees as to the results that their work. (Alles, 2013). The measurement system of labor skills is essential because meanwhile, the International Labour Organization (ILO) (2010) states that, in the workplace, the term "competence" refers to the effective capacity to successfully carry out one fully identified work activity. Job competition is not likely to succeed in the execution of a job, but a real ability and manifest. The ILO says that a categorization of competition allows better-to approach from the categorization of visible features, intermediate or hidden-to a much more inclusive and comprehensive vision that is expressed in three subdivisions thereof that can be distinguished within the visible skills . (García Ojeda, and others, 2012) The type used was qualitative research using methodologies such as: focus groups (two groups occurred for certain sectors) and in-depth interview. Also, the investigation collect information to see the acceptance of the instrument designed to evaluate the performance competencies of supervisors of shoe production in the footwear industry. The structure of the research required two topical guides, one for the public in charge of supervision or management of production of footwear and the other for managers of human resources area involved into the Shoe companies.
In the group sessions and indepth interviews the public were the supervisors and production managers, as well as the general mananger for the human resource department. All the participants were asked to directly evaluate the content of each of the generic and technical skills, reference that in this study are called descriptors of the labor and being competences.
